[PATCH v3 04/12] libbpf: Support exclusive map creation

Andrii Nakryiko andrii.nakryiko at gmail.com
Thu Aug 14 18:46:21 UTC 2025


On Wed, Aug 13, 2025 at 1:55 PM KP Singh <kpsingh at kernel.org> wrote:
>
> Implement setters and getters that allow map to be registers as

typo: registered

> exclusive to the specified program. The registration should be done
> before the exclusive program is loaded.
>
> Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh at kernel.org>
> ---
>  tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c      |  4 ++-
>  tools/lib/bpf/bpf.h      |  4 ++-
>  tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c   | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h   | 18 +++++++++++
>  tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map |  2 ++
>  5 files changed, 92 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c
> index ab40dbf9f020..6a08a1559237 100644
> --- a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c
> +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c
> @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ int bpf_map_create(enum bpf_map_type map_type,
>                    __u32 max_entries,
>                    const struct bpf_map_create_opts *opts)
>  {
> -       const size_t attr_sz = offsetofend(union bpf_attr, map_token_fd);
> +       const size_t attr_sz = offsetofend(union bpf_attr, excl_prog_hash);
>         union bpf_attr attr;
>         int fd;
>
> @@ -203,6 +203,8 @@ int bpf_map_create(enum bpf_map_type map_type,
>         attr.map_ifindex = OPTS_GET(opts, map_ifindex, 0);
>
>         attr.map_token_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, token_fd, 0);
> +       attr.excl_prog_hash = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, excl_prog_hash, NULL));
> +       attr.excl_prog_hash_size = OPTS_GET(opts, excl_prog_hash_size, 0);
>
>         fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, attr_sz);
>         return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
> diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.h b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.h
> index 7252150e7ad3..675a09bb7d2f 100644
> --- a/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.h
> +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.h
> @@ -54,9 +54,11 @@ struct bpf_map_create_opts {
>         __s32 value_type_btf_obj_fd;
>
>         __u32 token_fd;
> +       __u32 excl_prog_hash_size;

leaving a gap here, can you please reorder and have hash first,
followed by size?

> +       const void *excl_prog_hash;
>         size_t :0;
>  };
> -#define bpf_map_create_opts__last_field token_fd
> +#define bpf_map_create_opts__last_field excl_prog_hash
>
>  LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_create(enum bpf_map_type map_type,
>                               const char *map_name,
> diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
> index 0bb3d71dcd9f..ed3294f69271 100644
> --- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
> +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c
> @@ -499,6 +499,7 @@ struct bpf_program {
>         __u32 line_info_rec_size;
>         __u32 line_info_cnt;
>         __u32 prog_flags;
> +       __u8  hash[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
>  };
>
>  struct bpf_struct_ops {
> @@ -578,6 +579,7 @@ struct bpf_map {
>         bool autocreate;
>         bool autoattach;
>         __u64 map_extra;
> +       struct bpf_program *excl_prog;
>  };
>
>  enum extern_type {
> @@ -4488,6 +4490,43 @@ bpf_object__section_to_libbpf_map_type(const struct bpf_object *obj, int shndx)
>         }
>  }
>
> +static int bpf_program__compute_hash(struct bpf_program *prog)

nit: this is not an API, so please don't use double underscores.
Something like bpf_prog_compute_hash() should do.

> +{
> +       struct bpf_insn *purged;
> +       int i, err;
> +
> +       purged = calloc(1, BPF_INSN_SZ * prog->insns_cnt);

we had some patch fixing similar argument misuse issue, so I'd rather
have calloc(prog->insns_cnt, BPF_INSN_SZ), if you don't mind

> +       if (!purged)
> +               return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +       /* If relocations have been done, the map_fd needs to be
> +        * discarded for the digest calculation.
> +        */
> +       for (i = 0; i < prog->insns_cnt; i++) {
> +               purged[i] = prog->insns[i];
> +               if (purged[i].code == (BPF_LD | BPF_IMM | BPF_DW) &&
> +                   (purged[i].src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_FD ||
> +                    purged[i].src_reg == BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_VALUE)) {
> +                       purged[i].imm = 0;
> +                       i++;
> +                       if (i >= prog->insns_cnt ||
> +                           prog->insns[i].code != 0 ||
> +                           prog->insns[i].dst_reg != 0 ||
> +                           prog->insns[i].src_reg != 0 ||
> +                           prog->insns[i].off != 0) {
> +                               err = -EINVAL;
> +                               goto out;
> +                       }
> +                       purged[i] = prog->insns[i];
> +                       purged[i].imm = 0;
> +               }
> +       }
> +       err = libbpf_sha256(purged, prog->insns_cnt * sizeof(struct bpf_insn), prog->hash, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);

too long, wrap before prog->hash?

> +out:
> +       free(purged);
> +       return err;
> +}
> +
>  static int bpf_program__record_reloc(struct bpf_program *prog,
>                                      struct reloc_desc *reloc_desc,
>                                      __u32 insn_idx, const char *sym_name,
> @@ -5227,6 +5266,18 @@ static int bpf_object__create_map(struct bpf_object *obj, struct bpf_map *map, b
>         create_attr.token_fd = obj->token_fd;
>         if (obj->token_fd)
>                 create_attr.map_flags |= BPF_F_TOKEN_FD;
> +       if (map->excl_prog) {
> +               if (map->excl_prog->obj->state == OBJ_LOADED) {
> +                       pr_warn("exclusive program already loaded\n");
> +                       return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
> +               }

unnecessary check, maps are always created before programs, so if
map->excl_prog belongs to the same bpf_object (and it should), then we
implicitly have a guarantee it's not yet created. So please drop.

> +               err = bpf_program__compute_hash(map->excl_prog);
> +               if (err)
> +                       return err;
> +
> +               create_attr.excl_prog_hash = map->excl_prog->hash;
> +               create_attr.excl_prog_hash_size = SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH;
> +       }
>
>         if (bpf_map__is_struct_ops(map)) {
>                 create_attr.btf_vmlinux_value_type_id = map->btf_vmlinux_value_type_id;
> @@ -10517,6 +10568,21 @@ int bpf_map__set_inner_map_fd(struct bpf_map *map, int fd)
>         return 0;
>  }
>
> +int bpf_map__set_exclusive_program(struct bpf_map *map, struct bpf_program *prog)
> +{
> +       if (map_is_created(map)) {
> +               pr_warn("exclusive programs must be set before map creation\n");
> +               return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
> +       }

should we worry about someone providing a bpf_program that doesn't
belong to the same bpf_object that map belongs to? it's easy to check,
just compare map->obj and prog->obj

> +       map->excl_prog = prog;
> +       return 0;
> +}
> +
> +struct bpf_program *bpf_map__get_exclusive_program(struct bpf_map *map)

libbpf getters don't have "get_" prefix, so just bpf_map__exclusive_program()

> +{
> +       return map->excl_prog;
> +}
> +
>  static struct bpf_map *
>  __bpf_map__iter(const struct bpf_map *m, const struct bpf_object *obj, int i)
>  {
> diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
> index 455a957cb702..ddaf58c8a298 100644
> --- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
> +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h
> @@ -1266,7 +1266,25 @@ LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__lookup_and_delete_elem(const struct bpf_map *map,
>   */
>  LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__get_next_key(const struct bpf_map *map,
>                                      const void *cur_key, void *next_key, size_t key_sz);
> +/**
> + * @brief **bpf_map__set_exclusive_program()** sets map to be exclusive to the
> + * to the specified program. The program must not be loaded yet.

typo: "to the" duplicated

Also, I think the more important restriction is that the map should
not have been created yet (so this has to be called between opening
and prepare/load steps, just like setting read-only global variables).
This by implication will mean that the program is not loaded either,
as we'll restrict bpf_program to be from the same bpf_object (which
you can mention as well for clarity).

> + * @param map BPF map to make exclusive.
> + * @param prog BPF program to be the exclusive user of the map.
> + * @return 0 on success; a negative error code otherwise.
> + *
> + * Once a map is made exclusive, only the specified program can access its
> + * contents.
> + */
> +LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_exclusive_program(struct bpf_map *map, struct bpf_program *prog);
>
> +/**
> + * @brief **bpf_map__get_exclusive_program()** returns the exclusive program
> + * that is registered with the map (if any).
> + * @param map BPF map to which the exclusive program is registered.
> + * @return the registered exclusive program.
> + */
> +LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *bpf_map__get_exclusive_program(struct bpf_map *map);
>  struct bpf_xdp_set_link_opts {
>         size_t sz;
>         int old_fd;
> diff --git a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map
> index d7bd463e7017..a5c5d0f2db5c 100644
> --- a/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map
> +++ b/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map
> @@ -436,6 +436,8 @@ LIBBPF_1.6.0 {
>                 bpf_linker__add_buf;
>                 bpf_linker__add_fd;
>                 bpf_linker__new_fd;
> +               bpf_map__set_exclusive_program;
> +               bpf_map__get_exclusive_program;

we are in LIBBPF_1.7.0 now, so please move

pw-bot: cr


>                 bpf_object__prepare;
>                 bpf_prog_stream_read;
>                 bpf_program__attach_cgroup_opts;
> --
> 2.43.0
>



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