[PATCH v3 00/12] Landlock: file linking and renaming support

[Mickaël Salaün]

Hi,

This third patch series is mostly a rebase with some whitespace changes
because of clang-format.  There is also some new "unlikely()" calls and
minor code cleanup.

Test coverage for security/landlock was 94.4% of 504 lines (with the
previous patch series), and it is now 95.4% of 604 lines according to
gcc/gcov-11.

Problem
=======

One of the most annoying limitations of Landlock is that sandboxed
processes can only link and rename files to the same directory (i.e.
file reparenting is always denied).  Indeed, because of the unprivileged
nature of Landlock, file hierarchy are identified thanks to ephemeral
inode tagging, which may cause arbitrary renaming and linking to change
the security policy in an unexpected way.

Solution
========

This patch series brings a new access right, LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER,
which enables to allow safe file linking and renaming.  In a nutshell,
Landlock checks that the inherited access rights of a moved or renamed
file cannot increase but only reduce.  Eleven new test suits cover file
renaming and linking, which improves test coverage.

The documentation and the tutorial is extended with this new access
right, along with more explanations about backward and forward
compatibility, good practices, and a bit about the current access
rights rational.

While developing this new feature, I also found an issue with the
current implementation of Landlock.  In some (rare) cases, sandboxed
processes may be more restricted than intended.  Indeed, because of the
current way to check file hierarchy access rights, composition of rules
may be incomplete when requesting multiple accesses at the same time.
This is fixed with a dedicated patch involving some refactoring.  A new
test suite checks relevant new edge cases.

As a side effect, and to limit the increased use of the stack, I reduced
the number of Landlock nested domains from 64 to 16.  I think this
should be more than enough for legitimate use cases, but feel free to
challenge this decision with real and legitimate use cases.

Additionally, a new dedicated syzkaller test has been developed to cover
new paths.

This patch series is based on and was developed with some complementary
new tests sent in a standalone patch series:
https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160820.524344-1-mic@digikod.net

Previous versions:
v2: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220329125117.1393824-1-mic@digikod.net
v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220221212522.320243-1-mic@digikod.net

Regards,

Mickaël Salaün (12):
  landlock: Define access_mask_t to enforce a consistent access mask
    size
  landlock: Reduce the maximum number of layers to 16
  landlock: Create find_rule() from unmask_layers()
  landlock: Fix same-layer rule unions
  landlock: Move filesystem helpers and add a new one
  LSM: Remove double path_rename hook calls for RENAME_EXCHANGE
  landlock: Add support for file reparenting with
    LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER
  selftests/landlock: Add 11 new test suites dedicated to file
    reparenting
  samples/landlock: Add support for file reparenting
  landlock: Document LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER and ABI versioning
  landlock: Document good practices about filesystem policies
  landlock: Add design choices documentation for filesystem access
    rights

 Documentation/security/landlock.rst          |   17 +-
 Documentation/userspace-api/landlock.rst     |  151 ++-
 include/linux/lsm_hook_defs.h                |    2 +-
 include/linux/lsm_hooks.h                    |    1 +
 include/uapi/linux/landlock.h                |   27 +-
 samples/landlock/sandboxer.c                 |   40 +-
 security/apparmor/lsm.c                      |   30 +-
 security/landlock/fs.c                       |  771 ++++++++++---
 security/landlock/fs.h                       |    2 +-
 security/landlock/limits.h                   |    6 +-
 security/landlock/ruleset.c                  |    6 +-
 security/landlock/ruleset.h                  |   22 +-
 security/landlock/syscalls.c                 |    2 +-
 security/security.c                          |    9 +-
 security/tomoyo/tomoyo.c                     |   11 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/landlock/base_test.c |    2 +-
 tools/testing/selftests/landlock/fs_test.c   | 1039 ++++++++++++++++--
 17 files changed, 1853 insertions(+), 285 deletions(-)


base-commit: 4b0cdb0cf6eefa7521322007931ccfb7edc96c53
-- 
2.35.1