[RFC PATCH v7 12/16] fsverity|security: add security hooks to fsverity digest and signature

[Roberto Sassu]

> From: Eric Biggers [mailto:ebiggers at kernel.org]
> Sent: Friday, October 15, 2021 10:11 PM
> On Fri, Oct 15, 2021 at 12:25:53PM -0700, Deven Bowers wrote:
> >
> > On 10/13/2021 12:24 PM, Eric Biggers wrote:
> > > On Wed, Oct 13, 2021 at 12:06:31PM -0700,
> deven.desai at linux.microsoft.com wrote:
> > > > From: Fan Wu <wufan at linux.microsoft.com>
> > > >
> > > > Add security_inode_setsecurity to fsverity signature verification.
> > > > This can let LSMs save the signature data and digest hashes provided
> > > > by fsverity.
> > > Can you elaborate on why LSMs need this information?
> >
> > The proposed LSM (IPE) of this series will be the only one to need
> > this information at the  moment. IPE’s goal is to have provide
> > trust-based access control. Trust and Integrity are tied together,
> > as you cannot prove trust without proving integrity.
> 
> I think you mean authenticity, not integrity?
> 
> Also how does this differ from IMA?  I know that IMA doesn't support fs-verity
> file hashes, but that could be changed.  Why not extend IMA to cover your use
> case(s)?
> 
> > IPE needs the digest information to be able to compare a digest
> > provided by the policy author, against the digest calculated by
> > fsverity to make a decision on whether that specific file, represented
> > by the digest is authorized for the actions specified in the policy.
> >
> > A more concrete example, if an IPE policy author writes:
> >
> >     op=EXECUTE fsverity_digest=<HexDigest > action=DENY
> >
> > IPE takes the digest provided by this security hook, stores it
> > in IPE's security blob on the inode. If this file is later
> > executed, IPE compares the digest stored in the LSM blob,
> > provided by this hook, against <HexDigest> in the policy, if
> > it matches, it denies the access, performing a revocation
> > of that file.
> 
> Do you have a better example?  This one is pretty useless since one can get
> around it just by executing a file that doesn't have fs-verity enabled.

I was wondering if the following use case can be supported:
allow the execution of files protected with fsverity if the root
digest is found among reference values (instead of providing
them one by one in the policy).

Something like:

op=EXECUTE fsverity_digest=diglim action=ALLOW

DIGLIM is a component I'm working on that generically
stores digests. The current use case is to store file digests
from RPMTAG_FILEDIGESTS and use them with IMA, but
the fsverity use case could be easily supported (if the root
digest is stored in the RPM header).

DIGLIM also tells whether or not the signature of the source
containing file digests (or fsverity digests) is valid (the signature
of the RPM header is taken from RPMTAG_RSAHEADER).

The memory occupation is relatively small for executables
and shared libraries. I published a demo for Fedora and
openSUSE some time ago:

https://lore.kernel.org/linux-integrity/48cd737c504d45208377daa27d625531@huawei.com/

Thanks

Roberto

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Duesseldorf GmbH, HRB 56063
Managing Director: Li Peng, Zhong Ronghua

> > This brings me to your next comment:
> >
> > > The digest isn't meaningful without knowing the hash algorithm it uses.
> > It's available here, but you aren't passing it to this function.
> >
> > The digest is meaningful without the algorithm in this case.
> 
> No, it's not.
> 
> Digests are meaningless without knowing what algorithm they were created
> with.
> 
> If your security policy is something like "Trust the file with digest $foo" and
> multiple hash algorithms are possible, then the alorithm intended to be used
> needs to be explicitly specified.  Otherwise any algorithm with the same length
> digest will be accepted.  That's a fatal flaw if any of these algorithms is
> cryptographically broken or was never intended to be a cryptographic algorithm
> in the first place (e.g., a non-cryptographic checksum).
> 
> Cryptosystems always need to specify the crypto algorithm(s) used; the
> adversary
> must not be allowed to choose the algorithms.
> 
> I'm not sure how these patches can be taken seriously when they're getting this
> sort of thing wrong.
> 
> > > > +					FS_VERITY_SIGNATURE_SEC_NAME,
> > > > +					signature, sig_size, 0);
> > > This is only for fs-verity built-in signatures which aren't the only way to do
> > > signatures with fs-verity.  Are you sure this is what you're looking for?
> >
> > Could you elaborate on the other signature types that can be used
> > with fs-verity? I’m 99% sure this is what I’m looking for as this
> > is a signature validated in the kernel against the fs-verity keyring
> > as part of the “fsverity enable” utility.
> >
> > It's important that the signature is validated in the kernel, as
> > userspace is considered untrusted until the signature is validated
> > for this case.
> >
> > > Can you elaborate on your use case for fs-verity built-in signatures,
> > Sure, signatures, like digests, also provide a way to prove integrity,
> > and the trust component comes from the validation against the keyring,
> > as opposed to a fixed value in IPE’s policy. The use case for fs-verity
> > built-in signatures is that we have a rw ext4 filesystem that has some
> > executable files, and we want to have a execution policy (through IPE)
> > that only _trusted_ executables can run. Perf is important here, hence
> > fs-verity.
> 
> Most users of fs-verity built-in signatures have actually been enforcing their
> security policy in userspace, by checking whether specific files have the
> fs-verity bit set or not.  Such users could just store and verify signatures in
> userspace instead, without any kernel involvement.  So that's what I've been
> recommending (with limited success, unfortunately).
> 
> If you really do need in-kernel signature verification, then that may be a
> legitimate use case for the fs-verity built-in signatures, although I do wonder
> why you aren't using IMA and its signature mechanism instead.
> 
> - Eric